The NVIDIA GeForce GT 425M is a fast mid-range laptop graphics card presented in 2010. It is based on the GF108 core, which is related to the Fermi architecture. It is based on the GF108 core. NVIDIA's first mainstream GeForce 400 notebook chipset, the GT 425M, has surfaced in leaks earlier this month. Semi-Accurate noted that the graphics core has been listed as showing in a 17-inch ASUS notebook, but with different features. Some list it as only a DirectX 10 chip, implying that it's.
The NVIDIA GeForce GT 435M is a fast mid-range laptop graphics card presented in 2010. It is based on the GF108 core, which is related to the Fermi (GF100) architecture. Therefore, it supports DirectX 11 and OpenGL 4.0. In contrast to the GT 415M, the card features the full 96 shader cores. The difference to the slower GT420M and GT425M chips is the higher core and memory clock rate.
GF108 architecture
The GF108 core of the GT 435M is related to the GF100 core of the GeFore GTX 480M and offers 96 shaders and a 128 Bit memory bus for DDR3. Except for the memory controllers the GF108 can basically be considered a halved GF106. Therefore, the architecture is not comparable to the old GT215 (e.g., GeForce GTS 350M) or GT216 (e.g., GeForce GT 330M) cores. Unlike the GF100 the smaller GF104, GF106, and GF108 core were not only shortened, but also considerably modified. In contrast to the GF100, which was designed for professional applications, these chips target the consumer market. They feature more shaders (3x16 instead of 2x16), more texture units (8 instead of 4) and SFUs per streaming multi-processor (SM). As there are still only 2 warp schedulers (versus 3 shader groups), Nvidia now uses superscalar execution to use the higher amount of shaders per SM more efficiently. In theory, the shaders can thereby be utilized more efficiently and the performance per core is improved. However, in worst case scenarios the performance can also be worse than of the GF100 (and its predecessors). The ECC memory protection, which is important for professional applications, was completely omitted and the FP64 hardware shortened (only 1/3 of the shader are FP64-capable and therewith only 1/12 of the FP32’s performance). Because of these cutbacks, the size of the SM grew only by 25% despite the higher number of shaders and larger warp schedulers with superscalar dispatch capabilities. Due to the different shader architectures and the higher clock rate of the shader domain, the core count can not be directly compared to AMD cores of the Radeon 5000 series (e.g. HD 5650).
Detailed information on the GF104 architecture (and therewith also the GF106 and GF108) can be found in the desktop GTX 460 article by Anandtech.
Performance
The performance of the GeForce GT 435M is on average as fast, as a Mobility Radeon HD 5650 and therefore in the upper middle class (in 2010). As the GeForce GT 435M features a new architecture, the performance is not comparable to older chips with a similar core count (like the GTS 250M e.g.). The DDR3 graphics memory combined with the 128 Bit bus should be the bottleneck of the GT 435M. In our tests, the GT435M handled demanding games of 2010 like Mafia 2 or Battlefield: Bad Company 2 with medium details and WXGA resolution settings. Less demanding games like Fifa 11 or StarCraft 2 (single player) can be played in high details without stuttering. More gaming benchmarks can be found below.
Features
A novelty of the GF104/106/108 chips is the support of Bitstream HD Audio (Blu-Ray) output via HDMI. Alike the Radeon HD 5730, the GT 435M can transfer Dolby True HD and DTS-HD bitstream-wise without quality loss to a HiFi receiver.
The GT435M offers the PureVideo HD technology for video decoding. The included Video Processor 4 (VP4) supports feature set C and therefore the GPU is able to fully decode MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 Part 2 (MPEG-4 ASP - e.g., DivX or Xvid), VC-1/WMV9, and H.264 (VLD, IDCT, Motion Compensation, and Deblocking). Furthermore, the GPU is able to decode two 1080p streams simultaneously (e.g. for Blu-Ray Picture-in-Picture).
Geforce Gt 750m Specs
Through CUDA, OpenCL, and DirectCompute 2.1 support the GeForce GT 435M can be of help in general calculations. For example, the stream processor can considerably faster encode videos than a fast CPU can. Furthermore, physics calculations can be done by the GPU using PhysX (e.g. supported by Mafia 2 or Metro 2033).
According to Nvidia, support for 3D Vision on the new graphics cards is also new. It enables the laptop to send 3D contents (3D games, 3D Web Streaming, 3D photos, 3D Blu-Rays) to a built-in 3D enabled screen or an external 3D TV (only if supported by the laptop manufacturer).
According to rumors, the power consumption of the GeForce GT 435M should be about 40-45 Watt (TDP including the MXM board and memory), and therefore suited for 15” laptops (comparable to the HD 5730). Without load, the chip is clocked at 50/100/135 MHz (chip/shader/memory) in 2D respectively 200/400/325 in 3D mode to save power. Furthermore, the 400M series supports Optimus to automatically switch between the integrated graphics card from Intel and the Nvidia GPU. However, the laptop manufacturers need to implement it and it cannot be upgraded.
Manufacturer | NVIDIA | |||||||||||||||
GeForce GT 400M Series |
| |||||||||||||||
Codename | N11P-GT | |||||||||||||||
Architecture | Fermi | |||||||||||||||
Pipelines | 96 - unified | |||||||||||||||
Core Speed | 650 MHz | |||||||||||||||
Shader Speed | 1300 MHz | |||||||||||||||
Memory Speed | 800 MHz | |||||||||||||||
Memory Bus Width | 128 Bit | |||||||||||||||
Memory Type | DDR3 | |||||||||||||||
Shared Memory | no | |||||||||||||||
DirectX | DirectX 11, Shader 5.0 | |||||||||||||||
technology | 40 nm | |||||||||||||||
Features | Optimus Support, PureVideo HD VP4, 3D Vision, Bitstream HD Audio, CUDA, DirectCompute, OpenCL, OpenGL 4.0, DirectX 11 | |||||||||||||||
Notebook Size | large | |||||||||||||||
Date of Announcement | 03.09.2010 | |||||||||||||||
Link to Manufacturer Page | http://www.nvidia.com/object/product-gef... |
Benchmarks
Nvidia Geforce Gt 425m Driver
min: 820 avg: 896.5 median: 896 (3%) max: 973 points
min: 732 avg: 799 median: 799 (2%) max: 866 points
...
AMD Radeon R2 (Stoney Ridge) -9%
AMD Radeon HD 7550M -6%
NVIDIA GeForce GT 425M -5%
Qualcomm Adreno 540 -1%
AMD Radeon HD 7570M 3%
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti (Desktop) 6068%
100%
3DMark VantageP Result 1280x1024 +P GPU no PhysX 1280x1024 +
min: 19261 avg: 19303 median: 19280 (10%) max: 19368 Points
3DMark 06+Unigine Heaven 2.1 - high, Tesselation (normal), DirectX11 1280x1024
SPECviewperf 11Siemens NX 1920x1080 +Tcvis 1920x1080 +SolidWorks 1920x1080 +Pro/ENGINEER 1920x1080
Driver Nvidia Geforce Gt 540m
+Maya 1920x1080 +Lightwave 1920x1080 +Ensight 1920x1080 +Catia 1920x1080 +6.6 points (94%)
6.6 points (94%)
Cinebench R10 Shading 32Bit +Cinebench R11.5 OpenGL 64Bit + - Range of benchmark values for this graphics card
- Average benchmark values for this graphics card
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
- Average benchmark values for this graphics card
* Smaller numbers mean a higher performance
Game Benchmarks
The following benchmarks stem from our benchmarks of review laptops. The performance depends on the used graphics memory, clock rate, processor, system settings, drivers, and operating systems. So the results don't have to be representative for all laptops with this GPU. For detailed information on the benchmark results, click on the fps number.
Fifa 11
2010293.2319.9 fps ~ 307 fps + Compare
149.6153.7 fps ~ 152 fps + Compare
106110 fps ~ 108 fps + Compare
58.2 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings ultra.
Mafia 2
201040.4 fps + Compare
35.2 fps + Compare
21.3 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings high.
StarCraft 2
2010202 fps fps + Compare
46 fps fps + Compare
32 fps fps + Compare
17 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings med..
Metro 2033
201072.9 fps + Compare
40 fps + Compare
18.6 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings med..
Battlefield: Bad Company 2
201043.2 fps + Compare
2940.3 fps ~ 35 fps + Compare
21.529.2 fps ~ 25 fps + Compare
14.5 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings low.
CoD Modern Warfare 2
200946.2 fps fps + Compare
40.2 fps fps + Compare
25.5 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings high.
Risen
200962.6 fps71.9 ~ 67 fps + Compare
29.240.2 fps ~ 35 fps + Compare
18.930 fps ~ 24 fps + Compare
13.4 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings low.
Resident Evil 5
200969.1 fps + Compare
45.7 fps + Compare
24.3 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings high.
Need for Speed Shift
200946.1 fps + Compare
30 fps + Compare
28 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings low.
Colin McRae: DIRT 2
200945.3110.2 fps ~ 78 fps + Compare
41.165.5 fps ~ 53 fps + Compare
29.429.7 fps ~ 30 fps + Compare
21.2 fps fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings med..
Anno 1404
20096099.3 ~ 80 fps + Compare
20.1 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings low.
Crysis Warhead
200863 fps + Compare
12 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings low.
Call of Duty 4 - Modern Warfare
2007122.5 fps + Compare
57.9 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings med..
Call of Juarez Benchmark
200647.8 fps + Compare
» With all tested laptops playable in detail settings high.
For more games that might be playable and a list of all games and graphics cards visit our Gaming List
Notebook reviews with NVIDIA GeForce GT 435M graphics card
Dell XPS 15 FHD: Intel Core i7-840QM, 15.6', 2.9 kg
Review » Review Dell XPS 15 FHD Notebook
Review » Review Dell XPS 15 FHD Notebook
Asus N43J: Intel Core i7-740QM, 14', 2.4 kg
External Review » Asus N43J
External Review » Asus N43J
Asus N43JM-VX025V: Intel Core i5-480M, 14', 2.4 kg
External Review » Asus N43JM-VX025V
External Review » Asus N43JM-VX025V
Dell XPS 15: Intel Core i5-460M, 15.6', 2.8 kg
External Review » Dell XPS 15
External Review » Dell XPS 15
Dell XPS 15 FHD: Intel Core i7-840QM, 15.6', 2.9 kg
External Review » Dell XPS 15 FHD
External Review » Dell XPS 15 FHD
Dell XPS 15-dndogx4: Intel Core i7-740QM, 15.6', 2.8 kg
External Review » Dell XPS 15-dndogx4
External Review » Dell XPS 15-dndogx4
Dell XPS 17-L701X: Intel Core i5-460M, 17.3', 3.4 kg
External Review » Dell XPS 17-L701X
External Review » Dell XPS 17-L701X
(Redirected from GeForce 400 Series)
Release date | April 12, 2010; 9 years ago |
---|---|
Codename | GF10x |
Architecture | Fermi |
Models | GeForce Series
|
Transistors | 260M 40 nm (GT218)
|
Cards | |
Entry-level | GT 420 GT 430 |
Mid-range | GT 440 GTS 450 GTX 465 |
High-end | GTX 460 GTX 470 |
Enthusiast | GTX 480 |
API support | |
Direct3D | Direct3D 12.0 (feature level 11_0)[1] |
OpenCL | OpenCL 1.1 |
OpenGL | OpenGL 4.6 |
History | |
Predecessor | GeForce 300 series |
Successor | GeForce 500 series |
Serving as the introduction of Fermi, the GeForce 400 Series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia. Its release was originally slated in November 2009;[2] however, after delays, it was released on March 26, 2010 with availability following in April 2010.
![Nvidia geforce gt 425m Nvidia geforce gt 425m](https://notebookspec.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/01-01-MSI-เปิดตัวเครื่อง-GE603-มัลติมีเดียโน็ตบุ๊ก-Core-i5-คู่-GT-425M.jpg)
- 1Architecture
Architecture[edit]
Nvidia described the Fermi (microarchitecture) as the next major step in its line of GPUs following the Tesla (microarchitecture) used since the G80. The GF100, the first Fermi-architecture product, is large: 512 stream processors, in sixteen groups of 32, and 3.0 billion transistors, manufactured by TSMC in a 40 nm process. It is Nvidia's first chip to support OpenGL 4.0 and Direct3D 11. No products with a fully enabled GF100 GPU were ever sold. The GTX 480 had one streaming multiprocessor disabled. The GTX 470 had two streaming multiprocessors and one memory controller disabled. The GTX 465 had five streaming multiprocessors and two memory controllers disabled. Consumer GeForce cards came with 256MB attached to each of the enabled GDDR5 memory controllers, for a total of 1.5, 1.25 or 1.0GB; the Tesla C2050 had 512MB on each of six controllers, and the Tesla C2070 had 1024MB per controller. Both the Tesla cards had fourteen active groups of stream processors.
The chips found in the high performance Tesla branding feature memory with optional ECC and the ability to perform one double-precision floating-point operation per cycle per core; the consumer GeForce cards are artificially driver restricted to one DP operation per four cycles. With these features, combined with support for Visual Studio and C++, Nvidia targeted professional and commercial markets, as well as use in high performance computing.
Fermi is named after Italian physicist Enrico Fermi.
Geforce Gt 425m
Current limitations and trade-offs[edit]
The quantity of on-board SRAM per ALU actually decreased proportionally compared to the previous G200 generation, despite the increase of the L2 cache from 256kB per 240 ALUs to 768kB per 512 ALUs, since Fermi has only 32768 registers per 32 ALUs (vs. 16384 per 8 ALUs), only 48kB of shared memory per 32 ALUs (vs. 16kB per 8 ALUs), and only 16kB of cache per 32 ALUs (vs. 8kB constant cache per 8 ALUs + 24kB texture cache per 24 ALUs). Parameters such as the number of registers can be found in the CUDA Compute Capability Comparison Table in the reference manual.[3]
History[edit]
On September 30, 2009, Nvidia released a white paper describing the architecture:[4] the chip features 16 'Streaming Multiprocessors' each with 32 'CUDA Cores' capable of one single-precision operation per cycle or one double-precision operation every other cycle, a 40-bit virtual address space which allows the host's memory to be mapped into the chip's address space, meaning that there is only one kind of pointer and making C++ support significantly easier, and a 384-bit wide GDDR5 memory interface. As with the G80 and GT200, threads are scheduled in 'warps', sets of 32 threads each running on a single shader core. While the GT200 had 16 KB 'shared memory' associated with each shader cluster, and required data to be read through the texturing units if a cache was needed, GF100 has 64 KB of memory associated with each cluster, which can be used either as a 48 KB cache plus 16 KB of shared memory, or as a 16 KB cache plus 48 KB of shared memory, along with a 768 KB L2 cache shared by all 16 clusters.
The white paper describes the chip much more as a general purpose processor for workloads encompassing tens of thousands of threads - reminiscent of the Tera MTA architecture, though without that machine's support for very efficient random memory access - than as a graphics processor.
Products[edit]
- 1SPs - Shader Processors - Unified Shaders : Texture mapping units : Render output units
- 2 Each Streaming Multiprocessor(SM) in the GPU of GF100 architecture contains 32 SPs and 4 SFUs. Each Streaming Multiprocessor(SM) in the GPU of GF104/106/108 architecture contains 48 SPs and 8 SFUs. Each SP can fulfil 2 single precision fused multiply–add (FMA) operations per cycle. Each SFU can fulfil four SF operations per cycle. One FMA operation counts for two floating point operations. So the theoretical single precision peak performance, with shader count [n] and shader frequency [f, GHz], can be estimated by the following, FLOPSsp ≈ f × n × 2 (FMA). Total Processing Power: for GF100 FLOPSsp ≈ f × m ×(32 SPs × 2(FMA) + 4 × 4 SFUs) and for GF104/106/108 FLOPSsp ≈ f × m × (48 SPs × 2(FMA) + 4 × 8 SFUs) or for GF100 FLOPSsp ≈ f × n × 2.5 and for GF104/106/108 FLOPSsp ≈ f × n × 8 / 3.[5]
SP - Shader Processor (Unified Shader, CUDA Core), SFU - Special Function Unit, SM - Streaming Multiprocessor.
- 3 Each SM in the GF100 contains 4 texture filtering units for every texture address unit. The complete GF100 die contains 64 texture address units and 256 texture filtering units[6] Each SM in the GF104/106/108 architecture contains 8 texture filtering units for every texture address unit. The complete GF104 die contains 64 texture address units and 512 texture filtering units, the complete GF106 die contains 32 texture address units and 256 texture filtering units and the complete GF108 die contains 16 texture address units and 128 texture filtering units.[7]
All products are produced on a 40 nm fabrication process. All products support Direct X 12.0, OpenGL 4.6 and OpenCL 1.1. The only exception is the Geforce 405 which is based on the GT218 core only supporting DirectX 10.1, OpenGL 3.3 and no OpenCL Support
Model | Launch | Code name | Transistors (million) | Die size (mm2) | SM count | Core config1,3 | Clock rate | Fillrate | Memory configuration | GFLOPS (FMA)2 | TDP (watts) | Launch price (USD) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Core (MHz) | Shader (MHz) | Memory (MHz) | Pixel (GP/s) | Texture (GT/s) | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | DRAM type | Bus width (bit) | |||||||||||
GeForce 405 (OEM) | September 16, 2011 | GT218 | 260 | 57 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 1 | 16:8:4 | 589 | 1402 | 1580 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 512 1024 | 12.6 | DDR3 | 64 | 44.9 | 25 | OEM |
GeForce GT 420 (OEM) | September 3, 2010 | GF108 | 585 | 116 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 1 | 48:8:4 | 700 | 1400 | 1800 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 2048 | 28.8 | GDDR3 | 128 | 134.4 | 50 | OEM |
GeForce GT 430 (OEM) | October 11, 2010 | GF108 | 585 | 116 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 2 | 96:16:4 | 700 | 1400 | 1600 1800 | 2.8 | 11.2 | 2048 | 25.6 28.8 | GDDR3 | 128 | 268.8 | 60 | OEM |
GeForce GT 430 | October 11, 2010 | GF108 | 585 | 116 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 2 | 96:16:4 | 700 | 1400 | 1800 | 2.8 | 11.2 | 1024 | 28.8 | GDDR3 | 128 | 268.8 | 49 | $79 |
GeForce GT 440 | February 1, 2011 | GF108 | 585 | 116 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 2 | 96:16:4 | 810 | 1620 | 1800 3200 | 3.24 | 13.2 | 512 1024 2048 | 28.8 51.2 | GDDR3 GDDR5 | 128 | 311 | 65 | $79 |
GeForce GT 440 (OEM) | October 11, 2010 | GF106 | 1170 | 238 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 3 | 144:24:24 | 594 | 1189 | 1800 | 14.26 | 14.26 | 1536 3072 | 43.2 | GDDR3 | 192 | 342.4 | 56 | OEM |
GeForce GTS 450 (OEM) | October 11, 2010 | GF106 | 1170 | 238 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 3 | 144:24:24 | 790 | 1580 | 1804 | 18.96 | 18.96 | 1024 1536 | 86 | GDDR5 | 192 | 455 | 106 | OEM |
GeForce GTS 450 | September 13, 2010 | GF106 | 1170 | 238 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 4 | 192:32:16 | 783 | 1566 | 1804 | 12.53 | 25.06 | 512 1024 2048 | 57.73 | GDDR3 GDDR5 | 128 | 601.3 | 106 | $129 |
GeForce GTX 460 SE | November 15, 2010 | GF104 | 1950 | 332 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 6 | 288:48:32 | 650 | 1300 | 3400 | 20.8 | 31.2 | 1024 | 108.8 | GDDR5 | 256 | 748.8 | 150 | $160?-$180? |
GeForce GTX 460 (OEM) | October 11, 2010 | GF104 | 1950 | 332 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 7 | 336:56:24 | 650 | 1300 | 3400 | 20.8 | 36.4 | 1024 | 108.8 | GDDR5 | 256 | 873.6 | 150 | OEM |
GeForce GTX 460 | July 12, 2010 | GF104 | 1950 | 332 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 7 | 336:56:24 | 675 | 1350 | 3600 | 16.2 | 37.8 | 768 | 86.4 | GDDR5 | 192 | 907.2 | 150 | $199 |
336:56:32 | 21.6 | 1024 2048 | 115.2 | 256 | 160 | $229 | |||||||||||||
GeForce GTX 460 v2 | September 24, 2011 | GF114 | 1950 | 332 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 7 | 336:56:24 | 778 | 1556 | 4008 | 18.67 | 43.57 | 1024 | 96.2 | GDDR5 | 192 | 1045.6 | 160 | $199 |
GeForce GTX 465 | May 31, 2010 | GF100 | 3200 | 529 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 11 | 352:44:32 | 607 | 1215 | 3206 | 19.42 | 26.71 | 1024 | 102.6 | GDDR5 | 256 | 855.4 | 200 | $279 |
GeForce GTX 470 | March 26, 2010 | GF100 | 3200 | 529 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 14 | 448:56:40 | 607 | 1215 | 3348 | 24.28 | 34 | 1280 | 133.9 | GDDR5 | 320 | 1088.6 | 215 | $349 |
GeForce GTX 480 | March 26, 2010 | GF100 | 3200 | 529 | PCIe 2.0 x16 | 15 | 480:60:48 | 700 | 1401 | 3696 | 33.60 | 42 | 1536 | 177.4 | GDDR5 | 384 | 1345 | 250 | $499 |
On November 8, 2010, Nvidia released the GF110 chip, along with the GTX580 (480's replacement). It is a redesigned GF100 chip, which uses significantly less power. This allowed Nvidia to enable all 16 SMs (all 16 cores), which was previously impossible on the GF100 'NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580'. Various features of the GF100 architecture were only available on the more expensive Quadro and Tesla series of cards.[8] For the GeForce consumer products, double precision performance is a quarter of that of the 'full' Fermi architecture. Error checking and correcting memory (ECC) also does not operate on consumer cards.[9] The GF100 cards provide Compute Capability 2.0, while the GF104/106/108 cards provide Compute Capability 2.1.
Chipset table[edit]
Discontinued support[edit]
Nvidia announced that after Release 390 drivers, Nvidia will no longer release 32-bit drivers for 32-bit operating systems.[10]
Nvidia announced in April 2018 that Fermi will move to legacy driver support status and maintained until January 2019.[11]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- David Kanter (September 30, 2009). 'Inside Fermi: Nvidia's HPC Push'. realworldtech.com. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
References[edit]
![Geforce Geforce](/uploads/1/2/5/5/125522356/459166354.jpg)
- ^Killian, Zak (July 3, 2017). 'Nvidia finally lets Fermi GPU owners enjoy DirectX 12'. Tech Report. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
- ^'OFFICIAL: NVIDIA says GT300 on schedule for Q4 2009, yields are fine - Bright Side Of News*'. Brightsideofnews.com. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
- ^Compute Capability Comparison Table in 'Page 147-148, Appendix G.1, CUDA 3.1 official reference manual'(PDF).. Page 97 in Appendix A lists the older NVIDIA GPUs and shows all G200 series to be compute capability 1.3, while Fermi-based cards have compute capability 2.x (page 14, Section 2.5).
- ^http://www.nvidia.com/content/PDF/fermi_white_papers/NVIDIA_Fermi_Compute_Architecture_Whitepaper.pdf
- ^siliconmadness.com (2010). 'Nvidia Announces Tesla 20 Series'. Archived from the original on May 21, 2010.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^NVIDIA's GeForce GTX 480 and GTX 470: 6 Months Late, Was It Worth the Wait?
- ^NVIDIA’s GeForce GTX 460: The $200 King
- ^'Statement by NVIDIA on their General CUDA GPU Computing Discussion forum'.
- ^'NVIDIA Tesla C2xxx webpage'., note from the description one may infer that on Teslas, ECC may be switched on and off using 1/8 of existing on-board memory, unlike standard ECC memory modules which requires 1/8 extra memory chips (that is, one extra chip to be mounted on the printed circuit board for every 8).
- ^http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4604/
- ^http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/4654
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to GeForce 400 series. |
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